Dissection Practical Abdomen

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Inguinal Canal. The inguinal canal is a passage in the lower anterior abdominal wall located just above the inguinal ligament. It starts from the internal inguinal orifice, extends medially and inferiorly through the abdominal wall layers and ends in the external inguinal orifice. It is superior and parallel to the inguinal ligament. The canal serves as a pathway by which structures can pass from the abdominal wall to the external genitalia.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Scrotum , Spermatic cord and Testes. The scrotum contains the testes and parts of the spermatic cord. The spermatic cord is a soft and round cable-like structure suspending the testes and epididymis, which originates from the deep inguinal ring, passing through the superficial inguinal ring, descending into the scrotum and ending in the posterior margin of the testicle. The testes are the site of sperm production.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Introduction to Abdomen. The abdomen is an anterior region of the trunk between the thoracic diaphragm superiorly and the pelvic brim inferiorly. The space occupied by the abdomen is called the abdominal cavity and is enclosed by the abdominal muscles. There are two musculofascial abdominal walls, anterolateral and posterior. The anterior wall of the abdomen has nine layers. Including the outermost to innermost, they are skin, subcutaneous tissue, superficial fascia, external obliques, internal obliques, transverses.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Peritoneum. The peritoneum is a continuous membrane which lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs. It is made up of mesothelial cells that are supported by a thin layer of fibrous tissue and is embryologically derived from the mesoderm. It act as a channel for the passage of nerves, blood vessels and lymphatics. It has two layers the superficial parietal layer and the deep visceral layer.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Stomach. Stomach is a saclike expansion of the digestive system, between the esophagus and the small intestine. It is located in the anterior portion of the abdominal cavity in most vertebrates. It is a part of the gastrointestinal tract. It has a ‘J’ shape and features a lesser and grater curvature. It lies within the superior aspect of abdomen. There are two sphincters of the stomach which is located at each orifice.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Duodenum. The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine, followed by the jejunum and ileum. It is the widest and shortest part of the small intestine. It has a C-shape, it is closely related to the head of the pancreases and consists of four section. The duodenum is divided into four portions corresponding to the curvatures of the C loop.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Large Intestine. The large intestine consist of the colon, rectum and anus. It is the last part of the gastrointestinal tract. The large intestine is the place where feces are formed by the absorption of water from the passing intestinal contents. The large intestine has four parts, cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal. It has a length of approximately 1.5 meters. Most of the large intestine is located inside the abdominal cavity.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Small Intestine. The small intestine is the longest segment of the gastrointestinal tract. It extends from the stomach to the large intestine and consist of the three parts, duodenum, jejunum and ileum. The three parts are covered with the greater omentum anteriorly. The main function of the small intestine are to complete digestion of food and to absorb nutrients. It is approximately 20 to 25 feet in length. It is called the small intestine because its lumen is smaller in diameter than the large intestine.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Inferior vena cava. The inferior vena cava (IVC) is a large retroperitoneal vessel formed by the confluence of the right and left common iliac veins. It is located at the posterior abdominal wall on the right side of the aorta. The main function of IVC’s is to carry the venous blood from the lower limbs and abdominopelvic region to the heart. The inferior vena cava is the main channel for venous return from the pelvis, abdominal viscera and lower extremities.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Ureter. Ureter is the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder. The ureters arise in the abdomen as a continuation of the renal pelvis, and terminate in the pelvic cavity. The ureters are about 10 to 12 inches long in the average adult. There are two ureters, one attached to each kidney. The upper half of the ureter is located in the abdomen and the lower half is located in the pelvic area. The tube has thick walls which is composed of a fibrous, a muscular, and a mucus coat.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Introduction to Pelvic Cavity. The pelvic cavity is a funnel-shaped space surrounded by pelvic bones and it contains organs, such as the urinary bladder, rectum, and pelvic genitals. The pelvic cavity and the abdominal cavity together form the larger abdominopelvic cavity. The pelvic cavity is formed by three bilateral pairs of the bones, pubis, ilium and ischium and two posteriorly located bones, sacrum and coccyx.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Suprarenal gland. Suprarenal gland is a small gland that makes steroid hormones, adrenaline, and noradrenaline. The suprarenal gland is also known as the adrenal gland. There are two suprarenal glands, that are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of both kidneys. They are responsible for the release of hormones that regulate metabolism, immune system function and the salt-water balance in the bloodstream.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Anterior Abdominal wall. The abdominal wall encloses the abdominal cavity and can be divided into anterolateral and posterior sections. it protects the abdominal viscera from injury. It is bounded superiorly by the xiphoid process and costal margins, posteriorly by the vertebral column and inferiorly by the pelvic bones and inguinal ligament. The anterolateral abdominal wall spans the anterior and lateral sides of the abdomen.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Portal Vein. The hepatic portal vein is a vessel that moves blood from the spleen, gallbladder, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract to the liver. The principal tributaries to the portal vein are the lienal vein, with blood from the stomach, the greater omentum, the pancreas, the large intestine, and the spleen.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Extra hepatic biliary appartus. The extrahepatic biliary apparatus consists of a blind end diverticulum formed by hepatic ducts, gall bladder, common bile duct (CBD), and cystic duct. The extrahepatic biliary apparatus receives the bile from liver, stores and concentrates it in the gallbladder, and transmits it to the second part of the duodenum when required.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Ischiorectal fossa. The ischiorectal fossa is the space that exists between the internal surface of the perineal skin and the plane of the plate of the levator ani muscle. It is also called the ischioanal fossa. It is divided into perianal space and the ischiorectal space by the perianal fascia.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Diaphragm. The diaphragm, located below the lungs, is the major muscle of respiration. It is a large, dome-shaped muscle that contracts rhythmically and continually, and most of the time, involuntarily. It contract and flattens when you inhale. There are three large opening in the diaphragm that allow certain structures to pass between the chest and the abdomen. These opening are esophageal opening, aortic opening, caval opening.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Kidney. The kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped organs found in vertebrates. They are located on the left and right in the retroperitoneal space, and in adult humans are about 12 centimetres (41⁄2 inches) in length. It filter your blood, removes wastes, control the bodys fluid balance and keep the right level of electrolytes.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Pancreas. The pancreas is an organ located in the abdomen. It is about 6 inches long. The two main functions of pancreas are exocrine function that helps in digestion and an endocrine function that regulates blood sugar. It is responsible for the production of insulin and other important enzymes and hormones that help break down foods. Enzymes, or digestive juices, are secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Urethra. Urethra is the tube through which urine leaves the body. It empties urine from the bladder. Urethra, duct that transmits urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body during urination. In male, it"s a long tube that runs through the penis. It also carries semen in men. In women, it"s short and is just above the vagina. The urethra is held closed by the urethral sphincter, a muscular structure that helps keep urine in the bladder until voiding can occur.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Anal canal. The anal canal is the most terminal part of the lower GI tract/large intestine. It is located within the the anal triangle of the perineum between the right and left ischioanal fossae. It is the final segment of the gastrointestinal tract, around 4cm in length. It is divided into three anatomical zones; columnar, intermediate and cutaneous.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Spleen. The spleen is a fist-sized organ in the upper left side of your abdomen, next to your stomach and behind your left ribs. The spleen makes lymphocytes, filters the blood, stores blood cells, and destroys old blood cells. It is part of your lymphatic system that fights infection and keeps your body fluids in balance.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Liver. The liver is located in the upper right-hand portion of the abdominal cavity, beneath the diaphragm, and on top of the stomach, right kidney, and intestines. The liver regulates most chemical levels in the blood and excretes a product called bile. It helps your body digest food, store energy, and remove poisons. All the blood leaving the stomach and intestines passes through the liver.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Common & Internal Iliac arteries. Common iliac arteries are divided into external and internal iliac arteries. The external iliac artery supplies the lower limb, and the internal iliac artery is the major vascular supply of the pelvis. The internal iliac artery begins at the common iliac bifurcation, at the level of the intervertebral disc between the L5 and S1 vertebrae.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Superficial and Deep Perinial Pouches. The deep perineal pouch is superior to the perineal membrane, and the superficial perineal pouch is inferior. The superficial perineal pouch is contained between the perineal membrane and the deep perineal fascia. The deep perineal pouch is in the urogenital triangle of the perineum below the pelvic diaphragm.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Abdominal Aorta. The abdominal aorta is the main blood vessel in the abdominal cavity that transmits oxygenated blood from the thoracic cavity to the organs within the abdomen and to the lower limbs. It carries blood from your heart up to your head and arms and down to your abdomen, legs, and pelvis. The abdominal aorta is a continuation of the thoracic aorta beginning at the level of the T12 vertebrae.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Prostate, seminal vesicle and vas deferens. The prostate is a walnut-sized gland located between the bladder and the penis. The prostate is just in front of the rectum. The prostate surrounds the tube that carries urine away from the bladder and out of the body. Seminal vesicles are also called seminal glands or vesicular glands. They are sacs about 2 inches long that are located behind your bladder but in front of your rectum. The ductus deferens, or vas deferens, is a fibromuscular tube that is continuation of the epididymis and is an excretory duct of the testis.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Rectum. The rectum is a chamber that begins at the end of the large intestine, immediately following the sigmoid colon, and ends at the anus. It is part of the lower gastrointestinal tract. The rectum is continuous with the sigmoid colon and extends 13 to 15 cm (5 to 6 inches) to the anus. It is continuous proximally with the sigmoid colon, and terminates into the anal canal. The rectum begins at the level of the S3.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Rectus Sheath. The rectus sheath is the durable, resilient, fibrous compartment that contains both the rectus abdominis muscle and the pyramidalis muscle. The rectus sheath encloses the rectus abdominis and pyramidalis muscles and forms an important component of the anterior abdominal wall. The Rectus Sheath is a multilayered aponeurosis, being a durable, resilient, fibrous compartment that contains both the rectus abdominis muscle and the pyramidalis muscle.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about Urinary bladder. The urinary bladder is a muscular sac in the pelvis, just above and behind the pubic bone. The bladder is an organ of the urinary system, situated anteriorly in the pelvic cavity. It collects and acts a temporary store for urine. The bladder stores urine, allowing urination to be infrequent and controlled. The bladder is lined by layers of muscle tissue that stretch to hold urine.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about the Uterus. Uterus also called the womb, is an inverted pear-shaped muscular organ of the female reproductive system, located between the bladder & the rectum. It functions to nourish and house a fertilized egg until the fetus, or offspring is ready to be delivered.

In this eLearning module, you will learn about the Uterus. Uterus also called the womb, is an inverted pear-shaped muscular organ of the female reproductive system, located between the bladder & the rectum. It functions to nourish and house a fertilized egg until the fetus, or offspring is ready to be delivered.